Every trouble in a child's life is the result of something. Sometimes, simple unawareness in the childish psychology could cause many uncured psychological complexes and troubles. Every children psychologist suggests that it is better to prevent than to cure.
Punishment
Many parents face such issue like punishment. What's the punishment and when is it worthy to resort to force? The golden rule of any punishment is its justice and timeliness. For example, your child broke the vase while the guests are at your house. You think that it is better not to make a performance, if the guests could see that. So, you wait for the guests' leaving and then punish a child for his/her failure. Of course, you remember about it, but the children forgot already and attracted to another action, he/she does not understand why he/she is punished. It seems to be unfair and non-understandable. The only emotion it causes is offence. As a result a child is not able to think of his/her bad behavior and does not make any positive conclusion. What should you do? Ask the guests to wait a little and go to another room together with a child. Then explain his/her mistake, why you do not like it and why it is a bad action, how to be more careful next time and what to do in order to avoid the similar situations in the future. Surely, a child is to understand your claims better and the conversation is to be more effective.
Some parents punish their children without explanation of their fault. It is not an effective method as well. You know, a child is to be aware why he/she is punished and for what reason in order to understand the concrete mistakes and avoid them in the future.
Hitting is the last form of punishment a parent is recommended to use. Mostly, it is a very subjective matter. Anyway, the pedagogues and psychologists suggest that it is not an effective way of upbringing and should be very selective.